Vitamin B12 plays an important role in making healthy red blood cells, supporting the nervous system, and helping the body produce DNA. When levels become too low, symptoms can develop gradually and may be mistaken for normal tiredness or aging.
Here are four warning signs worth knowing.
1. Tingling or Numbness in the Hands and Feet
One of the more characteristic symptoms of B12 deficiency is a feeling of pins and needles, tingling, burning, or numbness, particularly in the hands or feet. This happens because prolonged B12 deficiency can affect nerves.
If these sensations persist or become worse, it is important to speak with a healthcare professional rather than assuming they are simply part of getting older.
2. Unusual Tiredness and Weakness
B12 deficiency can contribute to anemia, which may leave you feeling unusually tired, weak, light-headed, or short of breath, especially during physical activity.
If you’re constantly exhausted despite getting adequate sleep, a blood test can help determine whether anemia or a vitamin deficiency could be contributing.
3. Changes in the Tongue or Mouth
A sore, swollen, unusually smooth, or red tongue can sometimes occur with vitamin B12 deficiency. Some people may also experience a burning sensation in the mouth, mouth ulcers, or changes in taste.
These symptoms can have many other causes, so they should not automatically be attributed to B12 deficiency.
4. Balance, Memory, or Concentration Problems
More significant B12 deficiency can affect the nervous system. Some people may experience difficulty concentrating, memory changes, confusion, weakness, or problems with balance and coordination.
These symptoms deserve medical attention, particularly when they appear together with numbness or tingling.
Who Is More Likely to Develop B12 Deficiency?
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